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Deep cleaning, which involves scaling and root planing, will likely be one of the first treatments your dentist uses. It’s not as invasive as surgery, and it’s often effective in treating minor cases of periodontal disease. During this process, they will scrape off all the tartar from above and below the gum line, along with rough spots on the tooth. This helps remove bacteria that contribute to the gum disease while also getting rid of areas where the bacteria may gather. Periodontal diseases take on many different forms but are usually a result of a coalescence of bacterial plaque biofilm accumulation of the red complex bacteria (e.g. P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, and T. denticola) of the gingiva and teeth, combined with host immuno-inflammatory mechanisms and other risk factors that can lead to destruction of the supporting bone around natural teeth. Untreated, these diseases can lead to alveolar bone loss and tooth loss. As of 2013 [update], periodontal disease accounted for 70.8% of teeth lost in patients with the disease in South Korea. [12] Periodontal disease is the second most common cause of tooth loss (second to dental caries) in Scotland. [13] Twice-daily brushing and flossing are a way to help prevent periodontal diseases. [14] Periodontitis as manifestation of systemic diseases – Classification of these conditions should be based on the primary systemic disease according to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) codes

Along with specialist periodontist treatment, a general dentist or dental hygienist can perform routine scale and cleans using either hand instruments or an ultrasonic scaler (or a combination of both). The practitioner can also prescribe specialized plaque-removal techniques (tooth brushing, interdental cleaning). The practitioner can also perform a plaque index to indicate to the patient areas of plaque they are not removing on their own. This can be removed through the procedure of a dental prophylaxis. [16] Aetiology [ edit ] Periodontal treatment should be managed to assure the establishment of firm gingival margin prior to tooth preparation for restoration. Absence of bleeding tissue during restorative manipulation provides accessibility and aesthetic outcome. [42] Plaque can harden under your gumline into tartar if it stays on your teeth. Tartar is more difficult to remove. You can't get rid of it by brushing and flossing — you need a professional dental cleaning to remove it. Because plaque and tartar are filled with bacteria, the longer they stay on your teeth, the more damage they can do.Gum disease is the leading cause of tooth loss for adults, so periodontal treatments should be undergone when your dentist advises it. Prolonging this type of treatment could leave you with recurrent and possibly even long-term symptoms, which could lead to tooth loss. In 2017 the American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) and the European Federation of Periodontology (EFP) together collaborated to revise and adopt a new classification system for periodontal conditions to aid in a more personalized approach to patient care. In 2018 they released an updated classification system which includes a multi-dimensional staging and grading system for periodontitis classification, a recategorization of various forms of periodontitis, and the inaugural classification for peri-implant diseases and conditions. [18] Periodontal health, gingivitis, and gingival diseases and conditions [ edit ] Healthy gingiva Gingivitis after treatment Contemporary periodontal treatment is designed based on the trimeric model, and is performed in four phases. These phases are structured to ensure that periodontal therapy is conducted in a logical sequence, consequently improving the prognosis of the patient, in comparison to indecisive treatment plan without a clear goal. A periodontist routinely performs gum surgeries. There are several different types of surgical periodontal treatments, including:

Scaling and root planing are non-surgical treatments to remove plaque and tartar from deep under the gum line. These procedures are sometimes paired with antimicrobial or antibiotic medicines as well, depending on the case.ANUG is a serious type of gum disease that can develop suddenly. It is a bacterial infection that causes swelling, ulcers, bad breath (halitosis) and pain. ANUG must be treated by a dentist as soon as possible, as it will not be solved with regular brushing and flossing alone. Gingivitis: This is early-stage gum disease and it’s less severe than periodontitis. With gingivitis, your gums become red and swollen, but you haven’t started losing bone around your teeth yet. Gingivitis is reversible if you clean your teeth better and go to your dentist regularly for cleanings. Hou, Yue; Wang, Xin; Zhang, Cong-Xiao; Wei, Yu-Dan; Jiang, Li-Li; Zhu, Xiao-Yu; Du, Yu-Jun (1 September 2017). "Risk factors of periodontal disease in maintenance hemodialysis patients". Medicine. 96 (35): e7892. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000007892. PMC 5585499. PMID 28858105. Bacterial transportation: bacteria will readily adhere to the acquired pellicle through adhesins, proteins and enzymes within one to two hours. [19]

Pregnancy: studies have shown that the oral tissues are affected and altered during pregnancy due to a decreased immune response and increased vascular blood supply and volume systemically. it is important to note that pregnancy does not cause gingival and periodontal diseases but may exacerbate the inflammatory response to a pre-existing disease. It is also important to note that pregnancy does not detract minerals from the oral tissues or teeth as previously thought and heard in old wives' tales. Existing disease often presents during pregnancy due to an altered oral environment, and not merely due to pregnancy causing disease. These effects can be prevented by good oral hygiene through toothbrushing and interdental cleaning. [34]

How do you find periodontal treatment?

Kinane, DF; Marshall, GJ (March 2001). "Peridonatal Manifestations of Systemic Disease". Australian Dental Journal. 46 (1): 2–12. doi: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2001.tb00267.x. PMID 11355236. The American Dental Association (ADA)-accredited programs are a minimum of three years in length. According to the American Academy of Periodontology, U.S.-trained periodontists are specialists in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of periodontal diseases and oral inflammation, and in the placement and maintenance of dental implants. [52] Many periodontists also diagnose and treat oral pathology. Historically, periodontics served as the basis for the speciality of oral medicine. Following successful completion of post-graduate training a periodontist becomes board-eligible for the American Board of Periodontology examination. [ citation needed] Maintenance [ edit ] The aim at Pure Periodontics is to preserve your teeth wherever possible and if it is advisable. By the end of this appointment you will be fully informed about your periodontal condition and have a sound understanding of the proposed treatment as well as the likelihood of success. At Meadows Dental Care, we focus on making your experience relaxing and comfortable. Our dental experts provide an outstanding service to our patients so that they can smile more confidently and brighter.

A risk factor is a variable that in health can be defined as "a characteristic associated with an increased rate of a subsequently occurring disease". [23] Risk factors are variables that contribute to disease, rather than being factors that induce disease. Risk factors may be seen as modifiable and non-modifiable. Modifiable risk factors are often behavioural in nature and can be changed by the individual or environmental circumstances, whereas non-modifiable factors are usually intrinsic to an individual's genetics and cannot be changed. To determine risk factors for a disease, evidence-based research and studies are needed for evidence, with longitudinal studies giving the most statistically significant outcomes and the best reliability for determining risk factors. Risk factors often coexist with other variables, rarely acting alone to contribute to a disease. Risk factors can be genetic, environmental, behavioural, psychological, and demographic in nature. [24] Stress: various studies have demonstrated that individuals under psychological, ongoing chronic stress are more likely to have clinical attachment loss and decreased levels of alveolar bone due to periodontal destruction. [33] This is due to the increased production of certain immune cells and interleukins, which decrease the defensive mechanisms against pathogenic bacteria, therefore increasing chances of developing periodontal disease.The best way to prevent gum disease is pretty simple – clean your teeth twice a day and floss daily. Brush the teeth for two to three minutes at a time and ensure the head of the toothbrush moves along the gum line pointing towards the gum so that bristles work their way beneath the gums. Also, it’s worth using a mouthwash as a final step in the process. Keeping your gums healthy will not only keep your smile looking good but may improve your overall health. Gum disease can increase your risk of such serious conditions as heart disease, and respiratory infections. a b c Gurenlian, JoAnn R. (31 December 2007). "The Role of Dental Plaque Biofilm in Oral Health". American Dental Hygienists' Association. 81 (suppl 1): 116. A periodontist’s education begins with dental school. There they receive a doctor of dental surgery or doctor of medicine in dentistry degree. After graduating, the doctor continues specialized training. a b c Allen, E.; Ziada, H.; Irwin, C.R.; Mullally, B.; Byrne, P.J. (2 April 2008). "Periodontics: 10. Maintenance in Periodontal Therapy". Dental Update. 35 (3): 150–156. doi: 10.12968/denu.2008.35.3.150. PMID 18507223.